据德国太阳能协会(BSW-Solar)的初步分析,2025年德国新增约17.5吉瓦光伏装机容量,与2024年新增的17.7吉瓦基本持平。由于新并网系统可在安装后四周内完成申报,市场主数据登记册的最终数据尚未出炉。
分市场看,新增装机差异明显。其中,地面电站贡献约8吉瓦,大型屋顶系统新增3.7吉瓦,住宅屋顶系统新增约5.2吉瓦,而阳台式插接光伏系统则贡献了约500兆瓦。
BSW-Solar表示,光伏园区项目和阳台式系统的装机量同比增长约25%。相比之下,30千瓦以上的工商业屋顶系统装机量同比下降约5%。来自私人家庭和小型企业的需求下降更为明显,30千瓦及以下屋顶系统在2024年达到6.8吉瓦后,于2025年下滑25%。
BSW-Solar指出,2025年德国光伏扩张整体节奏有所放缓。德国计划到2030年实现215吉瓦的光伏装机目标,未来几年每年需新增约20吉瓦。目前全国累计装机容量约为118吉瓦,已完成该目标的约55%。
在此背景下,BSW-Solar呼吁联邦政府不要进一步削弱监管框架。该协会指出,《太阳能峰值法案》已在2025年初下调了屋顶光伏系统的补贴,同时也提到经济部长卡特琳娜·赖歇多次表示,应进一步削减补贴,理由是新安装的小型屋顶系统已不再需要公共支持。
BSW-Solar总经理卡斯滕·克尔尼希表示,联邦政府应当着力消除仍然存在的市场壁垒,并避免光伏系统融资环境的进一步恶化。
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