埃隆·马斯克近日在社交平台X上表示，可以通过部署一组由太阳能供电的人工智能卫星，调节进入地球的太阳辐射量，从而抑制全球变暖。他声称，只需对太阳能输入进行微小调整，即可改变地球能量平衡，“地球历史上曾多次进入‘雪球期’，因此理论上可控。”
在网友询问如何避免不同半球利益冲突时，马斯克回应称，“是的，微调便足够。”但另一位用户指出，这种方案需要全球统一协议，否则可能引发“太阳封锁战争”。
反对者则表示，该方案潜在风险巨大：
· 哪怕减少1%～2%的太阳辐射，也可能扰乱光合作用、作物生产和降水模式
· 系统若突然中断，可能引发“终止冲击”，导致气温急剧反弹，引发灾难性后果
目前，卫星普遍使用光伏供电，而空间太阳能发电（SBSP）和无线能量传输技术也正在开发中，包括中韩中大型太空太阳能项目。
中国航天科技集团计划在2030年前发射首个空间太阳能输电验证系统。韩国则规划建设年发电量达1 TWh的太空太阳能装置。
随着发射成本下降，空间太阳能正逐渐从概念走向可行，但围绕“人为调控地球气候”的伦理、治理与安全争议正在快速升高。
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