巴西在2026年1月至3月期间新增太阳能装机4.4吉瓦。其中,仅3月就计划接入25座公用事业级电站,总规模达1109兆瓦。不过,尽管当前势头强劲,在巴西国家电能署(Aneel)支持下,新的集中式并网项目预计将在年末趋于放缓。
截至3月,巴西新增公用事业级太阳能装机2295兆瓦,朝着2026年新增4704兆瓦的目标推进。近年来,巴西太阳能扩张主要由自由电力市场合同驱动;不过,今年预计新增装机中约有四分之一将来自监管市场合同,规模为1087兆瓦。
分布式发电(DG)方面,巴西将所有规模不超过5兆瓦的光伏系统均归入该类别。2026年1月至3月期间,巴西新增分布式光伏装机2177兆瓦,对应245112套新系统,单个微型或小型分布式发电系统平均规模为8.8千瓦。
如果第一季度的并网节奏能够保持至2026年底,则分布式发电全年新增装机可能达到8.7吉瓦,而公用事业级太阳能新增装机将达到4.7吉瓦,从而使全年太阳能总扩张规模达到13.4吉瓦。
这一数字将略高于巴西太阳能协会ABsolar在2026年初作出的预测,后者当时预计全年增长约为10吉瓦。不过,巴西近年来本就已持续录得较强的年度扩张。
除了自2022年以来每年新增装机最高可达10吉瓦之外,该行业仍持续面临分布式和公用事业级两个细分领域的并网约束,以及不断变化的监管环境。在此背景下,提高能效、更换设备、部署电池储能系统(BESS),以及转向自由电力市场,被视为维持行业增长的可行路径。
作者:LÍVIA NEVES
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